UNDERWATER PROCEDURES
Buddy Diving. Diving under the ice or in extremely cold waters requires the use
of paired dive partners. Buddy diving is required, despite the fact that each diver
must be surface tended. When diving through the ice, divers shall always be surface tended. The life-threatening consequences of suit failure, regulator freezeup
or other equipment problems make a solitary tended scuba diver particularly
vulnerable. Divers must practice buddy breathing prior to the operation because of
the increased possibility that buddy breathing will be required. Proficiency in the
process will minimize loss of valuable time during an emergency. Using approved
cold water scuba equipment will minimize or eliminate freeze-up problems (see
paragraph 11-2.3).
Tending the Diver. The lifeline is to be held by the tender at all times. As an additional
safety measure during ice diving, the end of the lifeline must be secured to a
stationary object to prevent it from falling into the entry hole should it be dropped
by the tender (see Figure 11-2). It is recommended that the lifeline be marked at
10-foot intervals to allow the tender and Diving Supervisor to estimate the diver’s
position. However, the diver’s radial position can only be roughly estimated. The
dive team must be thoroughly familiar with the procedures for lifeline tending in
Chapter 8.
Tending line sensitivity and awareness of the diver’s position by tenders may be
difficult with the added factors of lifeline drag on subsurface ice formations, line
drag over the lip of the under-ice hole, tending through heavy mittens, and the lack
of surface bubbles.
Standby Diver. The standby diver and tender must be immediately available. The
standby diver should be kept warm until the Diving Supervisor determines that the
standby diver is needed. If possible a shelter or windbreak at the hole should be
used. The lifeline of the standby diver should be twice the length of the diver’s
lifeline in order to perform a thorough circular search. The standby diver must be
dressed with the exception of fins, mask, and tanks. These will be ready to don
immediately.
