Understand

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Climate

Modified continental with mild winters, although January and February do get very cold. The summer can be very hot in Luxembourg, with temperatures around July and August reaching around 35 degrees celsius.

It might rain a LOT in Luxembourg, so bring an umbrella.

Terrain

Mostly gently rolling uplands with broad, shallow valleys; uplands to slightly mountainous in the north; steep slope down to Moselle flood plain in the south.

History

Founded in 963, Luxembourg became a grand duchy in 1815 and an independent state under the Netherlands. It lost more than half of its territory to Belgium in 1839, but gained a larger measure of autonomy.
; Independence : 1839 (from the Netherlands)

Full independence was attained in 1867.

; Constitution : 17 October 1868, occasional revisions

Overrun by Germany in both World Wars, it ended its neutrality in 1948 when it entered into the Benelux Customs Union and when it joined NATO the following year. In 1957, Luxembourg became one of the six founding countries of the European Economic Community (later the European Union) and in 1999 it joined the euro currency area.

; National holiday : National Day (Birthday of Grand Duchess Charlotte shifted by 6 months) 23 June

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